William Price
PBase-tereksandpiper
Endemic species list:
Sources: Avibase (Lepage Denis)
Appert’s Tetraka - Xanthomixis apperti - Bulbul d’Appert
Archbold’s Newtonia - Newtonia archboldi - Newtonie d’Archbold
Banded Kestrel - Falco zoniventris - Faucon à ventre rayé
Bernier’s Teal or Madagascar Teal - Anas bernieri - Sarcelle de Bernier
Bernier's Vanga - Oriolia bernieri - Oriolie de Bernier
Blue Coua - Coua caerulea – Coua bleu
Brown Emu-tail - Bradypterus brunneus - Droméocerque brun
Brown Mesite - Mesitornis unicolor - Mésite unicolore
Chabert’s Vanga - Leptopterus chabert - Artamie chabert
Collared Nightjar - Gactornis enarratus - Engoulevent à nuque rousse
Common Jery - Neomixis tenella - Petite éroesse
Common Newtonia - Newtonia brunneicauda - Newtonie commune
Common Sunbird-Asity - Neodrepanis coruscans - Philépitte souimanga
Coquerel's Coua - Coua coquereli - Coua de Coquerel
Crested Coua - Coua cristata - Coua huppé
Crossley’s Vanga - Mystacornis crossleyi - Mystacorne de Crossley
Cryptic Warbler - Cryptosylvicola randrianasoloi - Cryptofauvette de Madagascar
Dark Newtonia - Newtonia amphichroa - Newtonie sombre
Dusky Tetraka - Xanthomixis tenebrosa - Bulbul obscur
Forest Fody - Foudia omissa - Foudi de forêt
Giant Coua - Coua gigas - Coua géant
Green Jery - Neomixis viridis - Eroesse verte
Grey-crowned Tetraka - Xanthomixis cinereiceps - Bulbul à tête grise
Grey Emu-tail - Amphilais seebohmi - Amphilaïs tachetée
Grey-headed Lovebird - Agapornis canus - Inséparable à tête grise
Helmet Vanga - Euryceros prevostii - Eurycère de Prévost
Henst’s Goshawk - Accipiter henstii - Autour de Henst
Hook-billed Vanga - Vanga curvirostris - Vanga écorcheur
Humblot’s Heron - Ardea humbloti - Héron de Humblot
Lafresnaye's Vanga - Xenopirostris xenopirostris - Vanga de Lafresnaye
Littoral Rock Thrush - Monticola imerina - Monticole du littoral
Long-billed Bernieria - Bernieria madagascariensis - Bulbul tétraka
Long-tailed Ground-Roller - Uratelornis chimaera - Brachyptérolle à longue queue
Madagascan Blue Pigeon - Alectroenas madagascariensis - Founingo bleu
Madagascan Cuckoo - Cuculus rochii - Coucou de Madagascar
Madagascan Cuckoo-Hawk - Aviceda madagascariensis - Baza malgache
Madagascan Fish-Eagle - Haliaeetus vociferoides - Pygargue de Madagascar
Madagascan Flufftail - Sarothrura insularis - Râle insulaire
Madagascan Grebe - Tachybaptus pelzelnii - Grèbe malgache
Madagascan Hoopoe - Upupa marginata - Huppe de Madagascar
Madagascan Jacana - Actophilornis albinucha - Jacana malgache
Madagascan Lark - Eremopterix hova - Alouette malgache
Madagascan Mannikin - Lepidopygia nana - Capucin de Madagascar
Madagascan Owl - Asio madagascariensis - Hibou malgache
Madagascan Partridge - Margaroperdix madagarensis - Caille de Madagascar
Madagascan Plover - Charadrius thoracicus - Gravelot à bandeau noir
Madagascan Pochard - Aythya innotata - Fuligule de Madagascar
Madagascan Rail - Rallus madagascariensis - Râle de Madagascar
Madagascan Sandgrouse - Pterocles personatus - Ganga masqué
Madagascan Serpent-Eagle - Eutriorchis astur - Serpentaire de Madagascar
Madagascan Snipe - Gallinago macrodactyla - Bécassine malgache
Madagascan Sparrowhawk - Accipiter madagascariensis - Epervier de Madagascar
Madagascan Starling - Hartlaubius auratus - Etourneau malgache
Madagascan Swamp-Warbler - Acrocephalus newtoni - Rousserolle de Newton
Madagascan Wagtail - Motacilla flaviventris - Bergeronnette malgache
Madagascan Wood Rail - Canirallus kioloides - Râle à gorge blanche
Madagascan Yellowbrow - Crossleyia xanthophrys - Oxylabe à sourcils jaunes
Madagascar Blue Vanga - Cyanolanius madagascarinus - Artamie azurée
Madagascar Buttonquail - Turnix nigricollis - Turnix de Madagascar
Madagascar Buzzard - Buteo brachypterus - Buse de Madagascar
Madagascar Crested Ibis - Lophotibis cristata - Ibis huppé
Madagascar Harrier-Hawk - Polyboroides radiatus - Gymnogène de Madagascar
Madagascar Magpie-Robin - Copsychus albospecularis - Shama de Madagascar
Madagascar Pratincole - Glareola ocularis - Glaréole malgache
Madagascar Pygmy-Kingfisher - Corythornis madagascariensis - Martin-pêcheur malgache
Madagascar Red Owl - Tyto soumagnei - Effraie de Soumagne
Meller’s Duck - Anas melleri - Canard de Meller
Nelicourvi Weaver - Ploceus nelicourvi - Tisserin nélicourvi
Nuthatch Vanga - Hypositta corallirostris - Hypositte malgache
Pitta-like Ground-Roller - Atelornis pittoides - Brachyptérolle pittoïde
Pollen’s Vanga - Xenopirostris polleni - Vanga de Pollen
Rainforest Scops-Owl - Otus rutilus - Petit-duc Malgache
Rand's Warbler - Randia pseudozosterops - Randie malgache
Red-breasted Coua - Coua serriana - Coua de Serrès (ou de Serre)
Red-capped Coua - Coua ruficeps - Coua à tête rousse
Red Fody - Foudia madagascariensis - Foudi rouge
Red-fronted Coua - Coua reynaudii - Coua de Reynaud
Red-shouldered Vanga - Calicalicus rufocarpalis - Calicalic à épaulettes
Red-tailed Newtonia - Newtonia fanovanae - Newtonie de Fanovana
Red-tailed Vanga - Calicalus madagascariensis - Calicalic malgache
Rufous-headed Ground-Roller - Atelornis crossleyi - Brachyptérolle de Crossley
Rufous Vanga - Schetba rufa - Schetbé roux
Running Coua - Coua cursor – Coua coureur
Sakalava Rail - Amaurornis olivieri - Râle d’Olivier
Sakalava Weaver - Ploceus sakalava - Tisserin sakalave
Scaly Ground-Roller - Geobiastes squamiger - Brachyptérolle écaillé
Schlegel’s Asity - Philepitta schlegeli - Philépitte de Schlegel
Short-legged Ground-roller - Brachypteracias leptosomus - Brachyptérolle leptosome
Sickle-billed Vanga - Falculea palliata - Falculie mantelée
Slender-billed Flufftail - Sarothrura watersi - Râle de Waters
Spectacled Tetraka - Xanthomixis zosterops - Bulbul à bec court
Stripe-throated Jery - Neomixis striatigula - Grande Eroesse
Subdesert Brush-Warbler - Nesillas lantzii - Nésille de Lantz
Subdesert Mesite - Monias benschi - Mésite monias
Thamnornis - Thamnornis chloropetoides - Nésille kiritika
Torotoroka Scops-Owl - Otus madagascariensis - Petit-duc torotoroka
Tsingy Wood Rail - Canirallus beankaensis - Râle des Tsingy
Tylas Vanga - Tylas eduardi - Tylas à tête noire
Van Dam’s Vanga - Xenopirostris damii - Vanga de Van Dam
Velvet Asity - Philepitta castanea - Philépitte veloutée
Verreaux’s Coua - Coua verreauxi - Coua de Verreaux
Ward’s Flycatcher - Pseudobias wardi - Bias de Ward
Wedge-tailed Tetraka (or Jery) - Hartertula flavoviridis - Eréonesse à queue étagée
White-breasted Mesite - Mesitornis variegatus - Mésite variée
White-browed Hawk-Owl - Ninox superciliaris - Ninoxe à sourcils blancs
White-headed Vanga - Artamella viridis - Artamie à tête blanche
White-throated Oxylabes - Oxylabes madagascariensis - Oxylabe à gorge blanche
Yellow-bellied Sunbird-Asity - Neodrepanis hypoxantha - Philépitte de Salomonsen
Related articles:
Family Cuculidae - Subfamily Phaenicophaeinae: malkohas and couas
MADAGASCAR ENDEMIC BIRD SPECIES
Madagascar is a large island of 590,000 km² in the Indian Ocean, about 450 kilometres from Mozambique east coast. Numerous plants and animals are unique to this area and evolve in relative isolation, involving a high degree of endemism unique on Earth.
A narrow, steep escarpment containing parts of the tropical lowland forest runs along the eastern coast. To the west of this ridge, the central plateau ranges from 750 and 1,500 metres of elevation. This region is the most densely populated part of the island with the historic capital of Antananarivo. This area is characterized by terraced rice-growing valleys between grassy hills and patches of tropical moist broadleaf forest. To the west of the highlands, the arid terrain slopes down to the Mozambique Channel and mangrove swamps along the coast.
The island highest point is Maromokotro with 2,876 metres, followed by Boby Peak with 2,658 metres and Tsiafajavona with 2,643 metres.
A chain of man-made and natural lakes connected by canals runs parallel to the east coast over about 600 kilometres. The dry deciduous forest, spiny forest, desert and xeric shrubland occurs in western and southern sides.
Madagascar has two seasons: a hot, rainy season from November to April with distinctive cyclones, and a cooler and drier season from May to October. The Indian Ocean provides moisture over the eastern coast and supports the rain forest ecosystem. The central plateau is drier and cooler, whereas the west is much drier. Southwest and southern interior have semi-arid climate.
Over 110 bird species are endemic, with five bird families unique to Madagascar: the mesites, the ground-rollers, the asities and the vangas. From a recent study, the Malagasy warblers could be grouped together in a new endemic family.
As the result of a long isolation, Madagascar has a unique endemic fauna. However, this fauna is threatened by massive deforestation, but numerous national parks and protected reserves provide shelter to a wide array of wildlife.
Madagascar has lost more than 80% of the original forest since humans arrived. Deforestation is the main cause of extinction of numerous bird species, mammals and reptiles, involving the increase of illegal wildlife trade. Madagascar’s wildlife is today threatened by demands from global markets and from the growing needs of local population.
Text by Nicole Bouglouan
Sources of the text:
One World Nations Online - Madagascar
Zoothera Birding – Madagascar, island of Endemics
The Natural History of Endemic Families and Sub-families of Birds of Madagascar
Alan & Ann Tate
AA Bird Photography